Phonetics
O
[ɒ]
hot, top, rock,
not, shot, box
A fox in a box
A fox on the
rocks
A boxing fox
[ɜʊ]
no, go, tone,
node, nope, lope, code, so, mode, home, tote
My phone phones
only in the morning.
[Λ]
another, other,
cover, mother, brother, son, mom
[au]
– ou/ow
town, down, noun, count, found
[ɔ:]
port, fork,
lord, dormitory, sort, horn, morning
Oliver
Oglethorpe ogled an owl and oyster.
Did Oliver Oglethorpe ogle an owl and oyster?
If Oliver Oglethorpe ogled an owl and oyster,
Where’s the owl and oyster Oliver Oglethorpe ogled?
Did Oliver Oglethorpe ogle an owl and oyster?
If Oliver Oglethorpe ogled an owl and oyster,
Where’s the owl and oyster Oliver Oglethorpe ogled?
[ɔi] – oi/oy
What noise
annoys an oyster most?
A noisy noise annoys an oyster most.
A noisy noise annoys an oyster most.
Toy boat, toy
boat, toy boat
Now, please,
read the following tongue twisters aloud.
“Under the
mother otter,” uttered the other otter.
Awful old Ollie oils oily autos.
The owner of the Inside Inn Was outside his Inside Inn, With his inside outside his Inside Inn.
Awful old Ollie oils oily autos.
The owner of the Inside Inn Was outside his Inside Inn, With his inside outside his Inside Inn.
An oyster met an
oyster,
And they were oysters two;
Two oysters met two oysters,
And they were oysters too;
Four oysters met a pint of milk,
And they were oyster stew.
And they were oysters two;
Two oysters met two oysters,
And they were oysters too;
Four oysters met a pint of milk,
And they were oyster stew.
Prepositions
of Time in English
When we talk about time in English we usually use
12-hours system. There are two helpers – a.m. and p.m. They help
us to define morning from evening. They come from Latin and mean ante meridiem (before
midday) and post meridiem (post or after midday).
But now let’s talk about prepositions of time. They
differ from our Russian «в» which we use in all of the
situations.
Listen to the audio via the
link provided, answer the questions and do the activities underneath the
audiofile.
https://www.esl-lab.com/schedule/schedrd1.htm
https://www.esl-lab.com/schedule/schedrd1.htm
AT, IN and ON are not the only time
prepositions in English. When we need to talk about extended periods of time we
use the following prepositions:
·
after e.g. I met John after school and we went to the
cinema.
·
ago e.g. I visited NYC five years ago.
·
before e.g. I saw Neil before Christmas.
·
between e.g. Let’s meet next week between Tuesday and
Thursday.
·
by e.g. This contract should be signed by Friday, it’s
very important.
·
during e.g. They met during their holiday on the Bahamas two
years ago.
·
for e.g. I have been living in Paris for six months.
·
from … to / from … till/until e.g. The post
office is open from Monday to Friday from 10 a.m. till 7 p.m.
·
in e.g. Yann will be back in two weeks. He’s on holiday now.
·
over e.g. Over the years she matured enough to face her
long-lost mother.
·
past e.g. It’s ten minutes past noon. (12:10 p.m.)
·
since e.g. I’ve been staying in this hotel since Wednesday.
·
till/until e.g. You should call him till
tomorrow. They shouldn’t come until their mother lets them to.
·
to e.g. It’s five minutes to three. (2:55)
·
up to e.g. Homework can take up to one hour every day.
·
while e.g. I couldn’t go out with the dog while it was
raining.
·
within e.g. Sir, I think we can fix your car within a day.
Insert a preposition.
1. I’ll see her
tomorrow, ___ 7 o’clock.
2. What is he doing
___ the vacation?
3. What shall we do
___ the holidays?
4. Does Mom have to
work ___ Christmas Day?
5. I am going on a
trip to Saratov ___ next Sunday.
6. Can you give me a
call ___ the morning so we can talk it over?
7. Look at the sky
tomorrow ___ midnight. Mars can be seen with the naked eye.
8. I look forward to
meeting president Putin in person ___ a few days.
9. I played computer
games ___ three hours last night.
10. My aunt is going
away for two days ___ October.
11. When the waiter
finally brought my soup it felt like I’ve been waiting ___ ages.
12. I fell asleep ____
the Star Wars movie.
13. I made a lot of
good pictures for my blog ___ my holiday.
14. The yard is
covered with snow. It must have snowed ___ the night.
15. I left my coat
outside and now it is soaking wet. It must have rained ___ the night.
16. I’ll write you ___
my trip to Bangladesh.
17. It rained ___
three days without stopping.
18. Noah fell asleep
___ the film. He was asleep ____ half an hour.
19. I met a lot of
interesting people ___ my trip around Russia.
20. Ronald suddenly
began to feel ill ___ the meeting.
21. I ate a bowl of
popcorn ___ I was watching television.
22. Barbara met a lot
of interesting people ___ she was in hospital.
23. Anthony suddenly
began to feel ill ___ he was driving us home.
24. I saw Lucy ___ I
was walking my dog.
25. ___ you were
sleeping, there was a heavy rainstorm.
26. Montgomery was
reading a magazine ___ I was doing my homework.
27. I’ll be in
Budapest ___ next month. I need to see Frank ___ he’s there.
28. What am I supposed
to do ___ I am waiting for you?
29. Production at the
bakery was seriously affected ___ the strike.
30. Mike fell asleep
___ the film.
31. Sam went to the
cinema ___ last Sunday. He met Linda ___ the interval.
32. Amanda hasn’t
lived in Norway ___ all her life. She lived in Denmark ___ seven years.
33. It snowed ___ five
days without stopping.
34. We were hungry
when we arrived to our hotel. We hadn’t had anything to eat ___ the trip from
the station.
35. Ike usually goes
shopping ___ Thursdays, but we don’t often go shopping ___ the week.
36. ___ I failed my
exams Mom was very angry with me. She didn’t speak to me ___ two days.
37. I waited for J.K.
Rowling to sign my book ___ three hours and she spelled my name wrong.
38. We were thirsty
when we arrived. We hadn’t had anything to drink ___ five hours.
39. Marina met a lot
of people ___ she was on holiday in Rome.
40. Ben met a lot of
people ___ his holiday.
41. Nadine met Mike
___ she was jogging.
42. ___ I was in Luxembourg,
I stayed at a very comfortable hostel.
43. ___ our weekend in
Paris, we visited a very interesting exhibition.
44. My friend called
me three times ___ I was having dinner.
45. Dad’s car alarm
went off three times ___ the night.
46. I had been away
___ three years. ___ that time, many things haven’t changed.
47.
Miranda has left the office. She’ll be away ___ lunch.
48. Sorry, but I must
leave the party. I have to be at home ___ noon.
49.
I offered Jim a job. He hasn’t decided yet whether to
accept it or not. He needs to make a decision ___ Monday.
50. I think I’ll wait
___ Wednesday before buying a new bicycle.
51.
It’s too late to go to the cabaret. The cabaret is
only open ___ midnight. It’ll be closed now.
52. You’d better start
writing your essay. It has to be done ___ tomorrow.
Read the sentences and finish
them with your own ideas. Do it orally.
For example:
Bob fell asleep while he was watching Titanic.
Caroline fell ill during her vacation.
For example:
Bob fell asleep while he was watching Titanic.
Caroline fell ill during her vacation.
1. The cat bit my
finger while…
2. May I wait here
while…?
3. Most of the people
looked excited during…
4. I have answered a
lot of questions during…
5. Never open the car
window while…
6. The sun suddenly
came out during…
7. It started to snow
during…
8. It started to rain
while…
9.
Neil is on tour at this moment. He’ll be touring …
10.
Jim is away at the moment. He’ll be back …
11.
Mother is just going out. She won’t be very long. Wait here…
12.
Dirk is out tonight. It’s 8.30 now. He won’t be very
long. He’ll be back…
13. If Karen wants to
do auditions for the show, her application must be received…
14. Last Monday I
watched TV…
Read the situations and
complete sentences using by the time. You can
see possible answers under the excise.
1. Dick was invited
to a cocktail party but he got there much later than he intended.
2. Vanda had to catch
a plane but it took her longer than expected to get to the airport.
3. Dirk saw two men
who looked as if they were criminals. He called the police but it was too late
when they arrived.
4. A turtle escaped
from the zoo this evening. It was a long time before the guards discovered what
had happened.
5. I intended to go
to a party after finishing my exercises. But I finished my exersises much later
than expected.
Make sentences with by.
Example:
Lindsay has to be at home not later than 8 o’clock.
She has to be at home by 8 o’clock.
Lindsay has to be at home not later than 8 o’clock.
She has to be at home by 8 o’clock.
1. I have to be at
the airport not later than 11.00.
2. Let me know not
later than Friday whether you can come with us to the cinema.
3. Please make sure
that you check in not later than 9 o’clock.
4. If we go now, we
should be home not later than lunchtime.
These two expressions can be quite tricky but in fact
easy to distinguish one from another. Please, watch the video via the link
provided to understand the difference. Do a quiz under the video.
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